Roadmap to Questionnaire Design
Definition of a Questionnaire
´ “A
questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions and
other prompts for the purpose of gathering information from respondents.”
(Wikipedia)
Questionnaires for
different studies
´ TYPE OF
STUDY |
´ QUESTIONNAIRE
TYPE |
´ METHOD OF
ADMINISTRATION |
´ Large, ´ Quantitative
Studies |
´ Structured |
´ Telephone ´ Face-to-face ´ Self-Completion |
´ Business
to business studies ´ Investigative
Consumer Studies |
´ Semi-Structured |
´ Telephone ´ Face-to-face |
´ Qualitative
Studies |
´ Unstructured |
´ Depth
Interviews ´ Face-to-face ´ Focus
Group |
Structured
Questionnaire
´ They
are definite, concrete, and pre-determined questions.
´ The
questions are presented with exactly the same wording and in the same order to
all respondents.
´ Resort
is taken to this sort of standardization to ensure that all respondents reply
to the same set of questions.
´ Structured
questionnaires have fixed alternative questions In which responses of the
informants are limited to the stated alternatives
SEMI-STRUCTURED
QUESTIONNAIRES
´ Semi-structured
questionnaires comprise a mixture of closed and open questions.
´ They
are commonly used in research where there is a need to accommodate a large
range of different responses from companies.
´ The
use of semi-structured questionnaires enables a mix of qualitative and quantitative
information to be gathered.
´ They
can be administered over the telephone or face-to-face.
UNSTRUCTURED QUESTIONNAIRES
´ Unstructured
questionnaires are made up of questions that elicit free responses.
´ These
are guided conversations rather than structured interviews and would often be
referred to as a “topic guide”.
´ The
topic guide is made up of a list of
questions with an apparent order but is not so rigid that the interviewer has
to slavishly follow it in every detail.
Essential
Steps to develop a questionnaire
´ Decide the
information required.
´ Define the
target respondents.
´ Choose the
method of reaching your target respondents.
´ Decide on
question content.
´ Develop the
question wording
´ Put
questions into a meaningful order and format
´ Check the
length of the questionnaire
´ Pre-test
the questionnaire
´ Develop the
final survey form.
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